Hepatitis A and B

Hepatitis A     and        Hepatitis B

✓ Jaundice                         ✓ Std

Symptoms 

Nausea

Vomiting

Fatigue

Loss of appetite

Yellowish color of nails, skin, and eyes

Transmission

Hepatitis A- contaminated food and water

Hepatitis B- through blood semen etc

Control

Washing hands before

And after using the toilet

Avoid contaminated

Milk, food, and water

Prevention 

Immunization by Hepatitis B vaccine 

Avoid high-calorie diet 

Such as Protein, vitamin 

Cholera

Cholera:-

 A bacterial disease causing  severe

 diarrhea and dehydration, usually

 spread in water.

Causative Agent:-

Vibrio cholera symptoms:-

vomiting

sunken eyes

weakness

Transmission:-

Through contaminated food or water

Control:-

Administration of ORS

Prevention:-

Eat properly cooked food

Drink water that is boiled

Washing your hands before you eat

Proper hygiene and sanitation

Vitamin B-Complex

• 
  
   B vitamins are a class of water-soluble vitamins that play important roles in cell metabolism and synthesis of red blood cells. Though these vitamins share similar names (B1, B2, B3, etc.), they are chemically distinct compounds that often coexist in the same foods. In general, dietary supplements containing all eight are referred to as a vitamin B complex. 
  
• Individual B vitamin supplements are referred to by the specific number or name of each vitamin, such as B1 for thiamine, B2 for riboflavin, and B3 for niacin. Some are more commonly recognized by name than by number, for example, pantothenic acid, biotin, and folate.

Ways to Maintain Personal Hygiene

   

  •cleaning your body every day

  •washing your hands with soap

         after going to the toilet

  •brushing your teeth twice a                                          day

  •covering your mouth and nose

    with a tissue (or your sleeve)                  when sneezing or coughing

  •washing your hands after

      handling pets and other

                   animals 

   •avoid touching your eyes, 

    nose and mouth clean and   

    disinfect surfaces you use

    often such as benchtops, desks

              and doorknobs

   •clean and disinfect objects  

     you often use such as mobile     

     phones, keys, wallets, and work   

                          passes

  

HEALTH CARE

Health care is the improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, amelioration, or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in people. Health care is delivered by health professionals and allied health fields. Medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, midwifery, nursing, optometry, audiology, psychology, occupational therapy, physical therapy, athletic training, and other health professions constitute health care. It includes work done in providing primary, secondary, and tertiary care, as well as in public health.

• tips on maintaining health

1. Eat a balanced and healthy diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean protein, whole grains, and healthy fats can help maintain good health.

2. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water and avoid sugary drinks.

3. Exercise regularly: Regular physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight, lower blood pressure, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.

4. Get enough sleep: Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep per night to help maintain good health.

5. Manage stress: Stress can affect both physical and mental health. Practice relaxation techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, or yoga to help manage stress.

6. Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can harm overall health.

7. Stay up-to-date on recommended health screenings and checkups: Regular health screenings can help detect potential health problems early.

8. Practice good hygiene: Wash your hands regularly, cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze, and avoid contact with people who are sick.

9. Stay connected: Social connection and support can have a positive impact on both physical and mental health. Stay connected with friends and family, and seek professional help when needed.

TONSILLITIS

Tonsillitis is an infection of the tonsils and pharynx, which are located in the back of the throat. It is most commonly caused by a viral or bacterial infection. Symptoms include sore throat, fever, headache, difficulty swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. Treatment for tonsillitis includes rest, over-the-counter medication to reduce pain and inflammation, and antibiotics (if caused by a bacterial infection). In severe cases of recurrent tonsillitis surgery may be required to remove the tonsils.

VIRUSES

 A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. It infects all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.
                                     A virus is made up of a core of genetic material, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protective coat called a capsid which is made up of protein. Sometimes the capsid is surrounded by an additional spikey coat called the envelope. Viruses are capable of latching onto host cells and getting inside them.
                 H3N2 influenza virus particles, colored transmission electron micrograph (TEM). Each virus consists of a nucleocapsid (protein coat) that surrounds a core of RNA (ribonucleic acid) genetic material. Surrounding the nucleocapsid is a lipid envelope that contains the glycoprotein spikes haemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). These viruses were part of the Hong Kong Flu pandemic of 1968-1969 that killed approximately one million people worldwide. H3N2 viruses can infect birds and mammals as well as humans. They often cause more severe infections in the young and elderly than other flu strains and can lead to increases in hospitalizations and deaths.